And so the War then Began ...
Due to the competition over the Ohio Valley, this then soon caused a new round of aggressions. The British risked their entitlement to the area on the origin of two treaties: the Treaty of Lancaster (1744) with the Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), who had claimed the area by the right of defeat over other tribes; and the Treaty of Logstown (1748) with the Shawnee, Lenni Lenape (Delaware), and Wyandot (as the Huron came to be known in the region), sold by George Croghan, a Pennsylvania trader. After the was land permitted to the Ohio Company of Virginia in 1749, English explorers, traders, and colonists began coming into the Forks of the Ohio region, at which so France restated its territorial rights.
A force of Ottawa and Chippewa warriors moved against the Ohio center of English trade then Indian nations began returning to the French fold in spite of the trade benefits the English offered which were less expensive and better-quality goods. During this time, the pro-French Indians were members of the Ottawa, Algonkin, Wyandot, Chippewa, Potawatomi, Sac, Shawnee, and Seneca tribes. The Lenni lenape, who had as well lost their lands to early English expansion and Iroquois aggression, now feared the same in the Ohio Valley and similarly offered their backing to the French. With their smaller settlement population, the French were then deliberated less of a threat to Indian land than the British.
In the fall of 1753, Governor Robert Dinwiddie of Virginia ordered out a force of soldiers, under a 21 year-old major by the name of George Washington, to notify the French military base at Fort Le Boeuf that their post was located on English soil. The French, however, did not want to leave. Then after wards Governor Dinwiddie sent in a party of woodsmen to build a fort at the area of the Ohio River as well a second group of supporters again under Washington. Dinwiddie tried to recruit Cherokee, Chicakasaw, and Catawba warriors for the mission however because of an argument with the South Carolina colony over trade dealings with the southern Indians, he failed to do so. Washington, however, achieved to protect the help of Half-King and other Mingo (a band of Iroquois) at Great Meadows.
The disagreement blew a fuse into violence in the Battle of Jumonville Glen in May 1754, during which Virginia soldiers under the leadership of George Washington ambushed a French duty. Washington took the offensive with a disinterest of 40 provincials and killed 10 Frenchmen, including a French ambassador, and captured 20 others. The French later then accused that their patrol had been on a peace mission; Washington claimed, however, that the French had signified unfriendly commitment. In any case, with this incident, a world war had begun. In response to Washington's action, the French exiled Dinwiddie's party from Forks of the Ohio site using it as a base of actions and charged an army of 900, including some Iroquois and many others, under Major Coulon de Villiers.
Meanwhile, Washington's men had withdrawn to Great Meadows, where they built Fort Necessity. The French attacked during a rainstorm that made the English revolver guns useless to fight back which then caused Fort Necessity to surrender. The French allowed Washington and his men, which many were sick and wounded, to march out of the Ohio Valley and back to Virginia. The French during that time had control of the area.
The English recognized how important the Iroquois tribes were to the military success in the north. William Johnson, the New York trader and land investor who had built Fort Johnson with the Mohawk, kept up his efforts to recruit Iroquois support. Trusted by the Indians because of his contribution in their rituals, his efforts to them through Indian women, and his more-than-fair trade performances, made some progress in spite of their doubts about being drawn into another colonial struggle.
British procedures in 1755, 1756 and 1757 in the frontier areas of Pennsylvania and New York all failed, due to a mixture of poor organization, internal separations, and actual French and Indian violation. In 1755, the capture of Fort Beauséjour on the border splitting Nova Scotia from Acadia was led to a British policy of deportation of its French populations, to which there were some confrontation.
After the dreadful 1757 British campaigns (resulting in a failed), the British government fell, and William Pitt came to power. Pitt considerably increased British military resources in the colonies while France did not want to risk large parties to assistance the limited forces it had and preferred instead to essence its forces against Prussia and its allies in the European drama of the war. Between 1758 and 1760, the British military successfully stabbed the heartland of New France, with Montreal finally falling in September 1760.
Fort Ticonderoga was built between 1755 and 1758 by the French. It was originally known as Fort Carillon. Attacked in 1758, by British forces under Maj. Gen. James Abercrombie, the fort successfully protected the Marquis de Montcalm. The following year from there, a second assault occurred yet this time led by Gen. Jeffrey Amherst and achieved to take the fort and it had then passed into British hands. Though viewed as a struggling hard grip, it became a quiet hidden conflict as the fighting moved north.
A force of Ottawa and Chippewa warriors moved against the Ohio center of English trade then Indian nations began returning to the French fold in spite of the trade benefits the English offered which were less expensive and better-quality goods. During this time, the pro-French Indians were members of the Ottawa, Algonkin, Wyandot, Chippewa, Potawatomi, Sac, Shawnee, and Seneca tribes. The Lenni lenape, who had as well lost their lands to early English expansion and Iroquois aggression, now feared the same in the Ohio Valley and similarly offered their backing to the French. With their smaller settlement population, the French were then deliberated less of a threat to Indian land than the British.
In the fall of 1753, Governor Robert Dinwiddie of Virginia ordered out a force of soldiers, under a 21 year-old major by the name of George Washington, to notify the French military base at Fort Le Boeuf that their post was located on English soil. The French, however, did not want to leave. Then after wards Governor Dinwiddie sent in a party of woodsmen to build a fort at the area of the Ohio River as well a second group of supporters again under Washington. Dinwiddie tried to recruit Cherokee, Chicakasaw, and Catawba warriors for the mission however because of an argument with the South Carolina colony over trade dealings with the southern Indians, he failed to do so. Washington, however, achieved to protect the help of Half-King and other Mingo (a band of Iroquois) at Great Meadows.
The disagreement blew a fuse into violence in the Battle of Jumonville Glen in May 1754, during which Virginia soldiers under the leadership of George Washington ambushed a French duty. Washington took the offensive with a disinterest of 40 provincials and killed 10 Frenchmen, including a French ambassador, and captured 20 others. The French later then accused that their patrol had been on a peace mission; Washington claimed, however, that the French had signified unfriendly commitment. In any case, with this incident, a world war had begun. In response to Washington's action, the French exiled Dinwiddie's party from Forks of the Ohio site using it as a base of actions and charged an army of 900, including some Iroquois and many others, under Major Coulon de Villiers.
Meanwhile, Washington's men had withdrawn to Great Meadows, where they built Fort Necessity. The French attacked during a rainstorm that made the English revolver guns useless to fight back which then caused Fort Necessity to surrender. The French allowed Washington and his men, which many were sick and wounded, to march out of the Ohio Valley and back to Virginia. The French during that time had control of the area.
The English recognized how important the Iroquois tribes were to the military success in the north. William Johnson, the New York trader and land investor who had built Fort Johnson with the Mohawk, kept up his efforts to recruit Iroquois support. Trusted by the Indians because of his contribution in their rituals, his efforts to them through Indian women, and his more-than-fair trade performances, made some progress in spite of their doubts about being drawn into another colonial struggle.
British procedures in 1755, 1756 and 1757 in the frontier areas of Pennsylvania and New York all failed, due to a mixture of poor organization, internal separations, and actual French and Indian violation. In 1755, the capture of Fort Beauséjour on the border splitting Nova Scotia from Acadia was led to a British policy of deportation of its French populations, to which there were some confrontation.
After the dreadful 1757 British campaigns (resulting in a failed), the British government fell, and William Pitt came to power. Pitt considerably increased British military resources in the colonies while France did not want to risk large parties to assistance the limited forces it had and preferred instead to essence its forces against Prussia and its allies in the European drama of the war. Between 1758 and 1760, the British military successfully stabbed the heartland of New France, with Montreal finally falling in September 1760.
Fort Ticonderoga was built between 1755 and 1758 by the French. It was originally known as Fort Carillon. Attacked in 1758, by British forces under Maj. Gen. James Abercrombie, the fort successfully protected the Marquis de Montcalm. The following year from there, a second assault occurred yet this time led by Gen. Jeffrey Amherst and achieved to take the fort and it had then passed into British hands. Though viewed as a struggling hard grip, it became a quiet hidden conflict as the fighting moved north.